The Law Enforcement And Safe Neighborhoods Act Essay

Brief for Respondent: In the case, Arizona versus United States, I am representing the respondent, United States, where we are seeking to stop the enforcement of S.B. 1070 in the federal district court before the law can be taken into effect. S.B. 1070, also known as Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, was passed in the state of Arizona in 2010 as an effort to address the large numbers of unlawful immigrants entering the state. The United States seeks to declare S.B. 1070 as preempted by the federal immigration law, where the four provisions of S.B. 1070, Section 3, Section 5, Section 6 and Section 2(B) violated the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution. Relevant Constitutional Provision: In our defense, we will be utilizing Article 1, Section 8, clause 4 of the United States Constitution which establishes a uniform rule of Naturalization. It states that only Congress has the exclusive authority control over immigration and establishing new regulations that would allow individuals to become naturalized citizens of the United States of America and not the states. Section 9, clause 2 will also come into play in relation to Section 6 of S.B. 1070, in which the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus cannot not be suspended. It solidifies the notion that an individual cannot be incarcerated without facing legitimate charges—indefinite imprisonment is not allowed without legal due process. The Equal Protection Clause, which is part of theShow MoreRelatedThe Law Enforcement And Safe Neighborhoods Act1222 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Arizona SB 1070 also known as the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, was signed into law April 2010 as an attempt to regulate immigration at the state level. This bill was passed to support the Legal Arizona Worker Act (LAWA), passed in July 2007. S.B 1070 and LAWA’s main objectives were to drive unauthorized workers from Arizona. Proponents of the bills argued this would provide an abundance of employment room for U.S born citizens. While the bills succeeded in drivingRead MoreSupport Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhood Act1560 Words   |  6 Pagesthe 23rd of April 2010, Governor Jan Brewer signed the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, also known as, the Arizona SB 1070. The law is aimed at addressing the essential problem of illegal immigration within the United States, particularly within Arizona. The legislative act sparked much national controversy before, as well as after the act’s signing. The law Arizona law adde d on to preexisting U.S. federal law that requires all aliens over the age of 14, who remain in the UnitedRead MoreOur Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act Analysis1005 Words   |  5 Pagessigned the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act (SOLESNA), or Arizona Senate Bill 1070 (S.B. 1070, as it is popularly known). The purpose of the act is â€Å"... to discourage and deter the unlawful entry and presence of aliens and economic activity by persons unlawfully present in the United States† (Senate Bill 1070, 2010). Arizona Senate Bill 1070 is considered one of the harshest anti-immigration law due to it’s enforcements. Nevertheless, it is not the first law of it’s kind. GeographicallyRead MoreThe Immigration Law Enforcement And Safe Neighborhoods Act ( Arizona Senate Bill 1070 )3640 Words   |  15 Pagesharshest immigration law in history. Astonishingly, this law wasn t formed by our Federal Government, but by the Arizona State Senate in hopes of curtailing the ever growing population of illegal immigrants who are smuggled into the United States, come legally and overstay their visa, or come in hope of a better life. This writing will investigate the social construction and the circumstances that lead to atrocity surrounding the initiation of a long list of Arizona immigration laws. Secondly, theRead MoreGun Violence Crimes966 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Law Enforcement to enforce a solution to prevent violent, brutal crimes from occurring. Both Federal and local Law Enforcement must work together to promote a solution for reducing gun violence. Back in Bush’s first term as President it was significant for Bush’s administration to create a project to â€Å"get the message out there† about deterrence and the increasing number of crimes committed through the use of guns. Bush’s administration came up with the project known as the Project Safe NeighborhoodsRead MoreProject Safe Neighborh oods1007 Words   |  5 PagesDue to the high rate of crimes committed throughout big cities by gun violence, it is essential for Law Enforcement to enforce a solution to prevent violent, brutal crimes from occurring. Both Federal and local Law Enforcement must work together to promote a solution for reducing gun violence. Back in Bush’s first term as President it was significant for the Bush administration to create a project to â€Å"get the message out there† about deterrence and the increasing number of crimes committed throughRead MoreChicago Alternative Policing Strategy1096 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategy to help law enforcement officials control and deter crime; however, some areas across the United States has had problems in the past with communities and law enforcement working together to ensure a secure and safe environment. Although it is an officer’s duty to maintain order, keep the peace, and solve problems within the area he or she is patrolling , it is also necessary for the people of the community to come together to help prevent crime. Everyone wants to feel safe in his or her placeRead MoreCrime Prevention Programs Help Protect And Deter Crime Within Neighborhoods1219 Words   |  5 Pagesprevention programs help to prevent and deter crime within neighborhoods by getting the neighbors involved. Neighborhood watches use residents within a neighborhood to look out for suspicious activity/ issues then report them to police before any crime occurs. Using this method potentially deters crime and offenders from committing more crimes. A neighborhood watch can consist of a block watch, community watch, home watch and citizen alert. Neighborhood crime prevention programs arose because of the needRead MoreNeighborhood Watch1074 Words   |  5 PagesNeighborhood Watch: Let’s Partner with Law Enforcement: Let’s Be Vigilant: Let’s Legislate! By: Shelly Ray Date: 07/15/13 Over the weekend, the nation watched and listened as the â€Å"Not Guilty† verdict was read for second degree murder and manslaughter charges in the case of George Zimmerman. Mr. Zimmerman is the 29 year old neighborhood watchman man and man who fired the fatal shot of 17 year old Trayvon Martin on the evening of February 26, 2012 in Sanford, Florida. The subject I will bringRead MoreSurveillance Cameras Essay1254 Words   |  6 PagesSurveillance Cameras How are kids safe at night? Do they roam the streets without adult supervision? Are drug dealers taking over the streets? Are drivers nervous of everyone else’s bad driving habits? Although some believe law enforcement cameras invade privacy and disrupt everyday lives, cameras help keep citizens safe. â€Å"Police departments across Great Britain credit cameras with dramatic crime reduction, citing such impressive results as 75 percent drop in Airdrie, Scotland, a 68 percent reduction

The Lilith in Dracula, Carmilla, Christabel, Geraldine...

The Lilith in Dracula, Carmilla, Christabel, Geraldine and The Hunger For centuries Lilith, the Queen of the Night, has been blamed when a child or man dies without certain cause or when a woman refuses to be submissive to her husband. While the Legend of Lilith is not widely known today, it is not difficult to find information about the demoness. However, there are slight variations found from story to story. Here we will focus on the myth as found in Hebrew mythology, and we will particularly emphasize the similarities seen between Lilith and various vampires seen in literature today. The Hebrew figure of Lilith was actually borrowed from Babylonian and Syrian myths. Lilitu was a Babylonian demon and a†¦show more content†¦At Adam’s request, God sent three angels, named Senoy, Sansenoy, and Semangelof, in search of Lilith to return her to the Garden of Eden. They found her in the company of demons near the Red Sea, but she refused to return to Adam. She was punished by God to give birth to thousands of deformed offspring, called lilim, a hundred of which would die per day. Upset by her punishment, she throws herself into the Red Sea. The three angels take pity on her and give her power over all newborn children. She has power of life or death over male children for eight days after which they are circumcised and over female children for twenty days. She was also given power over children born out of wedlock for an undetermined about of time. However, Lilith promised to spare children who had an amulet with the likeness and/or names of the angels in their rooms. Lilith is not mentioned by name in the Authorized Version of the Bible. In Isaiah 34:14, she is referenced only as a screech owl who rests among the wild beasts of the island. In the Revised Version, she is called the night-hag. She is also assumed to be the Queen of Sheba, Abraham’s concubine Hagar, and one of the two women seeking Solomon’s wisdom over the custody of an infant. It is also possible that she could be Zipporah , a winged and clawed creature, who was Moses’ first wife. The Gnostic Mandeans, who have their origin with John the Baptist, believe that Lilith was Zahriel, the daughter of

Collective bargaining free essay sample

Collective bargaining is concerned with the relations between employers acting through their management representatives and organized labour. It is concerned not only with the negotiation of a formal labour agreement but also with the day- to- day dealings between management and the union. Because the management of the people in so many organizations is closely intertwined with union- employer relationships, it is essential that the student and the practitioner of management develop a sound knowledge of collective bargaining. Furthermore, the effect of collective bargaining extends beyond these establishments that are unionized. It impacts upon the economy as a whole, upon the practices of non-union organisations and upon the society at large. Key Words: collective bargaining, negotiations, union-employer relationships. Introduction Collective bargaining according to Salamon (1957) is a method of determining terms and conditions of employment, which utilizes the process of negotiation and agreement between representatives of management and employees. It provides a formal channel through which the differing interests of management and employees may be resolved on a collective basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Collective bargaining or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mulvey (1986) defines collective bargaining as a system based on selfdetermination with the contracting parties voluntarily assuming responsibility for reaching an agreement and honouring that agreement. According to International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 98, by Nyman C (1981 p.4) , collective bargaining is seen as a voluntary negotiation between employers’ organizations and workers’ organizations with a view to regulating terms and conditions of employment by collective agreements. Elderly and retired employees Warren (1990) says that welfare for elderly employees is primarily to prepare them for retirement and dealing with any problems they have in coping with their work. Preparation for retirement is a valuable service that many firms offer. Some companies have made special provision for elderly employees by setting aside jobs or work areas for them. However, this has dangers. Treating employees as special cases ahead of their time makes them over-aware of their condition or too dependent on the services provided for them. Retired employees, particularly those with long service, deserve the continuing interest their former employer. The interest need not be oppressive, but continuing social occasions can be provided for them. Group welfare service Group welfare services mainly consist of sports and social clubs, although some companies still support various benevolent societies, which provide additional help and finance in times of need (Wickens, 1987). Heinrich (1959), states that a massive investment in sports facilities is usually of doubtful value unless there is nothing else in the neighborhood. Companies should be prepared to share its facilities with the local community. Facilities can be provided within the firm’s premises if they are needed and are readily available. An investment in special facilities should be made only if there is a real likelihood of their being used regularly by a large proportion of employees. This is an  area where prior consultation, before setting up the facility, and self- government, when it has been established, are essential. Conclusion It is however, increasingly being recognized that employee welfare is the  responsibility of line management and supervision. If the line managers take on their proper role as team leaders as they are close enough to each worker, they should be in a position to identify any personal problems affecting the work of their subordinates. They should be able to either counsel the employees or refer them to the counselling agencies.

The Smurfette Principle in the Modern Media Feminism Is over

Coined by Katha Pollitt in the distant 1991, the term â€Å"Smurfette Principle† described the phenomenon of female characters existing in media for the sole purpose of being the male counterparts and having no identity other than that: â€Å"The message is clear. Boys are the norm, girls the variation; boys are central, girls peripheral; boys are individuals, girls types.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Smurfette Principle in the Modern Media: Feminism Is over? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Boys define the group, its story and its code of values. Girls exist only in relation to boys† (Pollitt, 1991, April 7, para. 4).Also known as a â€Å"token woman,† the given character originated from the attempts of the entertainment industry to market their product to a particular audience (Thompson Heinberg, 1999). However, despite the fact that the Smurfette principle is still applied towards modern media and especially film industry, considerable changes in the definition of the role of a female character have occurred, with the latter acquiring their own unique features outside of supplying color commentaries for the male characters, which can be traced in a number of present-day media specimens. One of the most obvious changes that have occurred to female characters in media and that seems to have the greatest impact on the destruction of the Smurfette Principle is that most of the female characters created in 2000s–2010s clearly have distinct personalities – in contrast to the ones of the 90s era, when a female character had a personality of a powder compact (Smith, 2008). Another obvious foot forward in promoting a less clichà ©d female character to younger audience is the fact that modern female leads do not need a male companion and often do not have one. The given feature of a â€Å"strong, independent† female character was launched by the c reators of long-forgotten She-Ra franchise (Scheimer 1985–1986), where, though originally created as a counterpart to He-Man, the princess had a distinct personality, and her gender could be considered accidental. Although the number of female protagonists with their unique story arc and personality still seems quite little, the prevalence of female antagonists whose gender could be defined as accidental is stunning. Even the notorious The little mermaid, which Pollitt despised so much for providing an unbearably bland character with the most trivial motivations that a female protagonist can get, provides the audience with a unique and compelling evil female character. Ursula, though admittedly despicable, is much more compelling than Ariel, and her motivations are much more complex; the animators could have easily substituted her with a male character without changing a single line: â€Å"Come in. Come in, my child. We mustn’t lurk in doorways. It’s rude. One might question your upbringing† (Ashman, 1989, 0:39:17–0:39:25). Therefore, it can be assumed that the experience of writing negative female characters can be translated into creating unique female protagonists as well.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It must be admitted that the idea of splitting the characters into male protagonists and their female archetypes is extremely alluring for most of the present-day media companies. In fact, even the most gender neutral TV shows and cartoon series seem to recycle the same concept of a male lead and his shallow female counterpart. In fact, female characters are provided with a leading part quite rarely even nowadays, especially in TV shows and animated series, with several major exceptions which only seem to make the Smurfette Principle even stronger. Indeed, in a retrospective, the media targeted at children rarely features the shows in which a female protagonist plays just as important part as a male one. For instance, in 1990s and 2000s, most TV shows, such as Avatar (DiMartino, 2005–2008), had male leads, whereas all that girls were left with was My little pony (Faust, 2010). The 2010s, however, changed a lot. Such shows as Kim Possible (for teens) and Dora the Explorer (for younger audience) showed that female protagonists could exist and, more importantly, were not supposed to follow the formula of shallow female archetypes. What is even more surprising, these shows were targeted not primarily at boys, but largely at teens and kids, therefore, offering big gender neutral shows with a strong female lead, not to mention the famous and extremely well grossing â€Å"Avatar: The Legend of Korra† (with 4.5 rating, according to the Staff Writer (2013, November 14)). The process of redefining female characters in media, especially in the media designed for children, is taking place at a very slow pace at present, mostly because of the creators’ unwillingness to try something new in terms of female character development. The intentions of the people involved into the media industry are hardly malicious; instead, they seem to be careless towards the way in which media shapes children’s perception of reality. There are a few exceptions in the grand scheme, but for the most part, the Smurfette Principle seems to be affecting the evolution of a female character even nowadays, especially in children TV series and cartoons and mostly for the same reasons that it appears in the adult media. There seems to be a pattern of attitudes towards the media created by women and by men in that the latter are said to create the content for girls and women, while the latter are considered to be able to create content for both.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Smurfette Principle in the Modern Media: Feminism Is over? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The 2010s, however, have changed the cultural landscape of female characters, in children media specifically. It is remarkable that a number of movies that were released in 2010s have a female protagonist that often does not require a male counterpart and seems to be able to exist on her own. Taking Merida from Brave (2012) as an example one will see that she is the compelling female character that does not fit the Smurfette Principle at all; she even stands the Bechdel test, for that matter (Freedman, 2009). She interacts with male characters, yet marrying a prince is not her focus; true, she has suitors, but she prefers not to marry any of them at the end of the movie: â€Å"There are those who say fate is something beyond our command. That destiny is not our own, but I know better. Our fate lives within us, you only have to be brave enough to see it.† (Docter, Lasseter Stanton, 2012). The given movie is not the o nly example of female protagonists evolving into self-sufficient characters with their own unique story arcs. Although the process of changing the viewers’ idea of women in media, especially if these viewers are children, is not easy, it still has the potential, which more recent examples of portraying women in media show. Another obvious change to female characters in media, especially in media for children, is that the female protagonists are no longer needed to be portrayed as the lead character’s love interest or a â€Å"sidekick† – quite on the contrary, they get their own unique stories and develop authentic character traits that inform, but not define them (Michael et al., 2012). Synthesis The present-day media, especially media designed for children, still seems to suffer from the abuse of token female characters. However, the basic tendencies in the media industry are clearly geared towards redefining female characters. The recent media products in general and media products for children in particular are the exact manifestation of such tendencies, as the analysis of shows and movies above displays (Taylor, 2003). The creators of female characters in media have a number of complex and often contradictory tasks. On the one hand, they must create a female character, who is going to be authentic and will not be considered a bland attempt at recycling the character traits of the male protagonist. On the other hand, it is necessary to create the female character whose key features are not going to inform her gender and be attributed to both men and women; in other words, it is necessary to step away from stereotypical portrayal of women in media (Aina Cameron, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Assuming that female characters cannot evolve in the present-day media would be quite a stretch – as the recent movies and TV series for younger audience show, it is possible to write an interesting and compelling female protagonist. However, the introduction of such characters into popular media presupposes fighting a number of stereotypes. As it turns out, it is possible not to fall for the trope of a female archetype in movies and come up with a unique personality for a female protagonist. Therefore, it is only a matter of time and effort before a range of new and inspiring female characters appear in mass media in general and children media in particular. Reference List Aina, O. E. Cameron, P. A. (2011). Why does gender matter? Counteracting stereotypes with young children. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 39(3), 11–20. Ashman, H. (Executive Producer). (1989). The little mermaid [DVD]. Burbank, CA: Walt Disney Pictures. DiMartino, M. D. (2005–2008) . Avatar: The last airbender. Studio City, LA: Nicelodeon Animation Studio. Docter, P., Lasseter, J. Stanton, A. (2012). Brave [DVD]. Emeryville, CA: Pixar. Faust, L. (Executive Producer). (2010). My little pony. Vancouver: Studio B Productions. Freedman, A. (2009). Drawing on Modernism in Alison Bechdel’s Fun Home. Journal of Modern Literature, 32(4), 125-140. Michael, E., Bakar, A. R. A.,Ibrahim, I. M., Veerappan, G., Noor, N. M., Heng, L. E†¦. Yann, N. K. (2012). A comparative study of gender roles in animated films. Global Journal of Human Social Science, 12(5), 73–78. Pollitt, K. (1991, April 7). Hers; the Smurfette principle. The New York Times. Web. Scheimer, L. (Executive Producer). (1985–1986). She-Ra: Princess of power. East Pittsburg, PA: Group W Productions. Smith, S. L. (2008). Gender stereotypes: An analysis of popular films and TV. Web. Staff Writer (2013, November 14). Legend of Korra director creates contest for book 2 episode 11: Ratings rising after timeslot change. KPopStarz. Web. Taylor, F. (2003). Content analysis and gender stereotypes in children’s books. Teaching Sociology, 31(3), 300–311. Thompson, K. J. Heinberg, L. J. (1999). The media’s influence on body image disturbance and eating disorders: We’ve reviled them, now can we rehabilitate them? Journal of Social Issues, 55(2), 339–353. 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